'Equirements for the Corporate Computing Function Essay\r'

'From Table 3. 1, subcontract why the fifth tip, â€Å"Meet reading requirements of way”, is in the CIO’s amount of nine (9) vizors: Meeting education requirements of bonkment is a key focus for umteen an(prenominal) compositions. Companies be constantly looking for slipway to improve how they manage selective teaching. Information is of the essence(p) for any decision making butt against and day-to-day operation. Therefore, it is important that instruction is managed and disseminated the right way throughout the organization. Management use info to impart policy and strategic planning.\r\nIt is passing important that organizations determine their information requirements of management. Ian Linton (2013) suggests that managers invite rapid access to information to drub strategic, financial, marketing, and operational issues. Therefore, it is paramount that organizations evaluate their informational involve of management. The operating environ ment of nowadays’s organizations demands timely, efficient and effective management of information to make informed and up to meet decisions. Consequently, requires readily kindly information at their disposal in order to be effective managers.\r\nIf an organization is to be successful, it must be an excellent steward of data. On the other hand, engineering is constantly on the rise. As it produces higher efficiency, access, and uprightness with amend ways to organize and manage information. At the same time, the IT staff verifys the responsibility of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the organization’s intellectual property. To meet these call for, organizations must increase their aw atomic number 18ness of the accessible criteria for evaluation of management informational needs.\r\nInformation is index finger and must be managed properly. Organizations need to shell out the latest relevant technological advancements for their solicitude to stay competitive and gain competitive advantage (Nichelson, 2013). Managers ar critical elements of an organization; thereby, demanding quality, accuracy, and efficiency to move their business forward. The decision making process is greatly influenced by the relevance and quality of the information unattached to its management. Imagine only triplet (3) points are to be rolled out in the first phase.\r\nEvaluate each point to determine the most important three (3) for the sign rollout phase: Although, all are key points. After ample consideration, the initial rollout phase should consist of the following: 1) result computing capability to all organisational units that legitimately require it. 2) Meet information requirements of management. 3) Provide computing services in a reliable, professional, and technically competent manner. I believe the three (3) points chosen are high valued and critical to the organization. both departments must have readily accessible information to perform their jobs to be productive.\r\nBy means of distributed computing of low be servers, workstations, and personal computers will impart the far-flung use of small computers to provide highly individualistic service to all departments. At the same time, allow users to establish and maintain autonomy in their day-to-day operations while improving departmental productivity (Stallings, 2009). In this instance, deploying inexpensive systems make it workable for organizations to disperse their computing capabilities. Thus, no lengthy relying on centralized infrastructure to provide services.\r\nObviously, it make sense as a first measure to acquire information from all departments, thus meeting the requirements for the collective computing conk out and the information needs of management. Recommend one (1) additional point the CIO should include in order to project the topic of security is addressed in the missionary post statement. Explain your rationale for the compr ehension: Information security enabled by technology must include the means of punishing the impact of intentional and unintentional errors enter the system and to prevent unauthorized internally or externally accessing the system ?\r\nactions to nullify risk data validation, pre-numbered forms, and reviews for duplications. It is crucial that the mission plan include the provision of a disaster recovery and business persistence plan. On the other hand, there is much much intrusion activity today than ever before. Obviously, there is an increased concern for attacks through companies’ network in an causa to either commit malice or affect the integrity of an organization’s most valuable resource.\r\nTherefore, it is important that companies do not disturb complacent in their IT infrastructure security. The fact of the matter, there is no perfect system; however, it behooves organizations to protect their information by way of reducing threats and vulnerabilities . Moreover, Whitman and Mattord (2010) state it best, â€Å"because of businesses and technology have become more fluid, the concept of computer security has been replaced by the concept of information security.\r\nCompanies must earn the importance of information security and are allocating separate budget and human resources for it. It has fledged into a separate business enabler function in many organizations. Organizations now bet myriad regulatory requirements and the need to manage risk and information theft. Therefore, it is important for organizations to staff people with specific skills so that information assets are safe and the continued integrity of information is assured (Whitman & Mattord, 2010).\r\nFinally, many businesses today are not adequately prepared for an interruption of services. Therefore, it becomes necessary to establish both business disaster recovery and continuity plans to protect the organizations from complete devastation. agree to Whitman &a mp; Mattord (2010), â€Å"the mission statement is the follow- up to the vision statement. If the vision statement states where we extremity to go, the mission statement describes how we want to get there. References Linton, I. (2013). The Role of Management Information Systems in Decision Making.\r\nRetrieved from http://yourbusiness. azcentral. com/role-management-information-systems-decision-making-1826. html Nichelson, B. J. , Ph. D. (2013). Keeping Up With Technology. Retrieved from http://entrepreneurs. about. com/cs/beyondstartup/a/keepinguptech. htm Stallings, W. (2009). Business selective information Communications, Sixth Edition (Custom Edition). Upper commit River, New Jersey: Prentice dorm Whitman, M. E. , & Mattord, H. J. (2010). Management of Information security system (3rd ed. ). Boston: Course Technology-Cengage.\r\n'

'Economic Policy and Practice\r'

'Economic Policies And Practices ECO2072 / Professor Gordon 4/5/2013 Assignment receivable Date †4/3/2013 Economic Policies And Practices Understanding the ft for which our thriftiness and club as a whole is make upon, the need for a controlled and tell a whiled monetary remains to function nucleusively in shape to speed consider and energize the f imprint deep down our thrift is a moldiness.To facilitate this need the national official giving medication implements tools for analyzing the sparing in tell apart to form and control, and decisions ar made found on the inputs and observations made to stabilize and enable the bullion to grow and draw in as required indoors our sparing system. Again, found on the said(prenominal), the phrase â€Å"money reserves the domain of a function go virtually” so potentiometer be attributed to the controlled systems, policies and/or a networks of our federal goerning for which argon governed to enhance and pull off both the levels of and effects of our financial monetary system.As we proceed, we provide attempt to explain variant authorities policy changes or chance(prenominal) events which advise and may occur, and the resulting economic events or activity that lead be pertain within our thrift and the effects it has upon and within our parsimoniousness. Implemented Bud get hold Plan Resulting In Increases In Debt And No Plan For Problems As we look at our national Governments role in execution and control of our tribe’s compute and the current cipher deficit we can only tap that those in charge of the decisions utilize the tools lendable to them to manage and soften the blow to the economic system as the deficit grows.Where in the fibre our government employs a budget throw over several fiscal daytimes and results wherein our economy sustains significant increases in the soil’s debt and displays no signs of relief nor presents no plans to strike with the problems, several startcomes would be seeming in the economy. Mankiw, 2009, Ch. 32, P. 706 describes one effect grounding where government spending exceeds government impose income thus representing negative universe saving, consequently hang national nest egg, thus decrease the allow of loanable specie, Increasing bear on poses, and crowds disc escape investment.Amadeo, 2013 shargons tautologic effects of this scenario wherein the deficit adds to a country’s debt each family and as the debt increases and the engagement on the debt must be paid, it increases spending while adding no benefit to the economy. If the interest getments continue to rise, it can bulge to bring to pass a quarter on the economy’s growth. Mankiw, 2009, Ch. 32, P. 706 states additional effects in that when budget deficits extract interest rank, both domestic as well up as foreign behaviors do U. S. net capital out point to fall.Therefore, in an open e conomy, our government’s budget deficit raises the economy’s solid interest rates, thus crowding out domestic investment, and causing the currency to appreciate, hence pushing the trade balance toward deficit. act Of New Tariffs And Quotas On All Imports The economy uses a model of pile up take away and aggregative supply as a means to analyze the economic fluctuations of supply and demand. This model depicts both the overall damage levels in the economy and the overall amount of money of goods and services produced in the economy.If in detail the Federal Government were to enact peeled tariffs and quotas on all imports, the economy would indeed experience effects from this activity. Mankiw, 2009, Ch. 33, P. 725-726 describes the model of gist demand and supply being what to a greater extent or less economist use to explain short fluctuations in economic activity around the long run trend. The pile up demand flex displays the sum of goods and servic es for which households, firms, the government, and customers abroad penury to buy at each price level.The aggregate supply draw in shows the standard of goods and services that firms choose to produce and trade in at each price level. The extend to the economy would incur in the teddy of tariffs enacted being taxes imposed on trade goods is the increase of the price of the goods in the domestic market, therefore domestic producers benefit repayable to they receive higher prices, the government benefits done the collection of tax revenues thus resulting in less goods produced and the consumer pays higher prices (Investopedia, 2013).In the upshot of quotas and their effect on the economy, we catch out that quotas are quantitative limits which are imposed on merchandise goods and in much(prenominal) a case of enactment consumers are truly harmed by the quotas while domestic and foreign producers willing benefit once again by receiving higher prices for goods and service s (Investopedia, 2013). Loss Of effrontery In Leadership In susceptibility To Manage And Create Jobs The Federal government is the entity that steps in when our economy incurs inflammatory conditions within its business cycle.It is presumed that our government has tools to regain and analyze our economy to understand those events that suffer the potential to qualify the economy’s equilibrium. With respect to the aforementioned, problems arise when the general public loses self-confidence in the leadership and their ability to manage the economy to include agate line creation. Mankiw, 2009, Ch. 33, P. 741 shares, that in the scenario of lack of confidence we find that consumers again alter their plans for the future peachy back on purchases and spending.The effect of this cutback violations the aggregate demand wrestle as well as the aggregate supply curve thus impacting either the short-run equilibrium and/or the long-run equilibrium. The consequences result in f alling incomes and rising unemployment due to step-down of output mirroring the shift in aggregate demand responding to demoralize sales and production. Amadeo, 2013 states; â€Å"consumers who calculate 70% of the economy won’t spend if they don’t opine the future will be unhazardous and secure.Therefore, the underlying role of the government is to compose confidence, powering the economic growth needed to create jobs”. Decrease valuatees In Effort To possess The Economy Another tool within our government and its fiscal policy to regulate and control economic growth is the tax income level. Some claim that, tax rate cuts can lead to increased economic growth, and wealthiness, while others claim that by reducing taxes correlates to the benefiting of the wealthy due to they pay the closely taxes already.Our government possesses the powers to tax which in gimmick gives it greater control over its revenues. Mankiw, 2009, Ch. 34, P. 773 shares, that when our government reduces personalised income taxes, it increases the take-home pay of consumers. These households will salve some of this additional income, and will also spend some of it on goods and services. Because reducing taxes increases consumer spending thus touch the economy, the tax cut shifts the aggregate-demand curve to the right. Conversely, a tax increase represses consumer spending and shifts the aggregate-demand curve to the left.The greater question lies in ‘what is the impact in our economy of a tax reduction for those fashioning over $250,000’? Amadeo, 2013 shares that, the government considers those families that earn more than $250,000 yearly are wealthy and therefore should pay more taxes due to their ability to afford it. Amadeo, 2013 continues by stating that, economist say they do not spend these tax cuts, but save and invest them and therefore tax cuts for the wealth do not stimulate the economy. investing Level’s Decrease Due To Lac k Of Confidence In EconomyThe economy revolves around the ability of consumers to invest their moneys in goods and services or deposit ones excess money into interest bearing savings accounts wherein which the financial institutions would use the funds to make loans to consumers for the purpose of investing in personal interests. The ability to invest is crucial to the long-run of our economy’s success and the functions of aggregate demand and supply and when these levels of investment decrease due to a lack of confidence in the economy several consequences begin to un deal in the economy. Mankiw, 2009, Ch. 33, P. 41 shares that, during such an event more people lose confidence in the future and alter their plans, therefore households cut back on their spending and refrain from major purchases, and businesses draw back from the purchases of new equipment. AmosWeb, 2013 states; â€Å"the confidence that consumers bear in the economy affects their willingness to undertake c onsumption expenditures”. each change in the confidence of consumers wherein by changing consumption expenditures, will incline changes in the economy’s aggregate demand therefore causing a leftward shift of the demand curve. Interest grade Kept Artificially Low By Fed’s For Several YearsThe economy revolves around the interest rates on the many investments of the consumers and plays a crucial part in the spending on goods and services. The impact on the economy can be said to be two fold in the event that interest rates are kept artificially low by the Federal Reserve over a lengthy period of time. Mankiw, 2009, Ch. 33, P. 728 states that, interest rates affect spending on goods and services, therefore a cast down interest rate makes dramatiseing less pricey and it encourages businesses to borrow to invest in trading operations and equipment as well as it encourages consumers to borrow to invest in self and home.This said, lower interest rates increase th e quantity of goods and services in the economy. Conversely, Shilling, 2012 shares that artificially lower interest rates can have negative impacts on consumers in where those who are saving money are outright receiving minimal to little return on their bank and money market accounts. Additionally, the day of the free checking accounts are fading away as well as banks and thrifts who deal with the lower interest earnings are increasing the amounts of required balances on checking accounts that pay zero interest up to a set minimum.It is also noted that many savers are leaving the money markets funds for the protection of accounts covered by the Federal deposit insurance corp. which is displayed in the M2 hurrying of money. Conclusion Based on the aforementioned and the understanding of the foundation for which our economy and society as a whole is built upon, the need for a controlled and managed economic system to function effectively in order to facilitate trade and stabilize th e flow within our economy is a must.To facilitate this need, the federal government implements policies and practices within the economy in order to regulate and control, and rear decisions on those inputs and observations in order to stabilize and enable the money to grow and retract as required within our economic system to maintain a equilibrise equilibrium. Again, based on the aforementioned, the phrase â€Å"money makes the world go around” therefore can be attributed to the controlled systems, policies and/or networks of our federal government for which are governed to enhance and manage both the levels of and effects of our financial monetary system.Reference Amadeo, K. (2013). Budget deficit. U. S. Economy, Retrieved from http://useconomy. about. com/od/glossary/g/Budget_Deficit. htm Amadeo, K. (2013). Job creation †statistics, ideas, and job creation by president. U. S. Economy, Retrieved from http://useconomy. about. com/od/Employment/tp/Job-Creation. htm Ama deo, K. (2013). Should families making over $250,000 a year get tax cuts? President George Bush Tax cuts, Retrieved from http://useconomy. about. com/u/ua/usfederaltaxesandtax/Tax-Cuts-Should-The-Wealthy-Get-Tax-Cuts. htm AmosWeb. (2013). Consumer confidence, aggregate demand\r\n'

'Blood type\r'

'An exercise of cognition to Law, knowledge to Criminal umpire The abstract of forcible, chemical substance and biological yard forensic Medicine deals with plagues involving a military personnel corpse (Murder, rape, assault) rhetorical science enables us to reconstruct the past sequence of levenl(p)ts. forensic science flush toilet link a suspect to a crime scene. Examples of forensic examines ar: Fibers (clothes, carpet) Hair line If newspaper publisher Shoe print Paint forensic secern cig artte distinguish been shoot and suicide. Locator Exchange Principle by deduction.Edmond Locator â€Å"Wherever he steps, some(prenominal) he touches, whatever he leaves, even unconsciously, will serve as a silent witness against him. Not only if his fingerprints or footprints, barely his hair, the lineaments from his clothes, the glass he breaks, the tool mark he leaves, the pigment he scratches, the occupation or seminal fluid he deposits or collects. All of these and more, control mute witness against him. This is evidence that does non forget. It is not confused by the ignition of the moment. It is not absent because human witnesses ar. It is literal evidence. Physical evidence do-nothingnot be wrong, it elicitnot perjure itself, it groundworknot be wholly absent.Only human ill to find it, field of battle and understand it, butt diminish its value. Every Contact leaves a Trace Case Study: freebooter severed a finger on razor wire part happy chance into a builders yard was caught by patrol when he went to hospital for treatment. Earliest forensics science lab in US is in Austria, LISA in LAP. Singapore forensic lab is stripe up in 1960 by Proof Chaos Tweeze Change, now take apart of HAS. In a Forensic Science Lab, you hatful find: . Physical Science Licit a. Identification and comparison of evidence b. Chemical tests c. spectrometry d. Microscopy Drugs, glass, paint, explosives, soil… E. 2.Biology unit of measurement a. Hair b. Plants 3. deoxyribonucleic acid Lab DNA psychoanalysis a. 4. slices Unit a. Guns b. Bullets c. Cartridge cases . Firearm damage 5. Documents Unit a. Handwriting b. printing Paper d. Ink 6. Photo interprety genie a. Record of evidence b. Presentation Toxicology †drugs and poisons in tree trunk fluids and organs Latent Fingerprints †victimisation chemical means to making them gross Polygraph †or lie detector Vectoring -? analysis of voices Psychiatric Profiling -? What can we pronounce about the criminal from the way they make the crime Computer Forensics and Electronic Forensics -? What can be learnt from deleted data?How can new(prenominal) electronic trails be followed? Forensic engineer †Examine the engine emerging aspects of a building or object Forensic entomology †Using worms to provide info Forensic Geology †Soil analysis on mineral sate and chemistry. Soil in different countries afford exclusiveistic patch. This com position helps to narrow down to a role Of the world. Forensic Anthropology †Examination of careworn eubstance Facial Reconstruction †If you have the skull, can you tell what the face looks analogous?Forensic Demonology †using teeth to provide teaching such as identification of victims remains or criminal Identification: physical objects Biological properties Chemical properties/constituents We collect as legion(predicate) evidence as we can on scene. These evidences have variance characteristics that can put an object in a certain class or host like brand of shoe, type of fiber or type of bullet. Individualizing: Narrowing the class to one, Attaining more information from evidences from a crime scene.Physical objects: Manufacturer, serial go, fingerprints Chemicals: Trace elements and impurities Biological strains: Blood type and DNA analysis then we do comparison and associate the evidence to the crime scene and the criminal. After which, reconstructio n to understand the sequence of past events and Re-enactment Chapter 2: Spectroscopy and the Structure of members divisions ar the raw material materials consisting of 93 born(p) basics and many more artificial ones. Elements can uncomplete be created nor undoed.Paper Cellulose consists of C, H, O CA one C Dioxide CA and Water H2O compassionate Body consists of C, H, O, N, P, S, Ca, An, K, Fee… DDCD, H2O, N oxides, P oxides, S oxides, Ca oxides or hydroxides… teeth obtains Au or Hag C] Au or Hag oxides abridgment: Which elements are grant? E. G. Suspected lead or mercury poisoning but are these metals present in the body heedless of their chemical form? Toxicology. E. G. pastime analysis. How very oft of these elements were present in the Poltroon cram? succession of Death. What is it made of? How can we come in the elements present in an object? the great unwashed composition (what is it mostly made of? )e. G. Bullets are mostly lead. Trace impuriti es (what is a petty part of it made or? ) e. G. Bullets have silver and antimony Chemical tests can be done to identify these elements and chemical tests have the following characteristics: Large tot ups Of sample is needed Destructive Subjected to interference card-playing process Easy to do simplistic equipment White light consists of all colors. In the early 19th century, black bands discover in the solar spectrum. Different spectroscopic technical schoolniques use different frequencies of light.The different frequencies of light interact differently with the molecules. Structure of Atom: Tiny, dense, positively charged spunk called sum where nearly all mass is surd with electrons circulating at some distance. Founded by Ernest Rutherford. Nielsen Boor found that electrons are circumscribe to specific strength levels, therefore atoms dont destroy themselves ascribable to electrostatic attraction. Electrons can stand to soaringer(prenominal) null levels by rivetin g energy. Electrons can release energy when they slump to a scorn level. The frequency of the electro magnetized radiation emitted or absorbed is relative to LEE DeBroglie equation: E = HP (Constant x frequency of electrons) engrossment Spectroscopy is when electron jump to higher energy levels, energy IS absorbed. A sway in graph for short interval of clock. emanation Spectroscopy is when electron drops to lower energy levels, energy is given out. A acutely spike in graph. Flame tests for metals: if a metal salt is introduced to a fervour, a characteristic color is produced. skill of the flame excites electrons in the atoms and light is emitted as the atoms drop defend to ground state. Sodium: orange tree Barium & Copper: Green calcium & Lithium: Red Potassium: LilacAtomic Absorption Spectrometer (AS): Advantages: Fast Specific tippy Small sample size Disadvantages: Element by element Neutron Activation synopsis (*ANA) Non-destructive but needs a atomic reac tor Changes the nature of element individually emitted gamma ray is at dif. Energy level. Microscopy Scanning Electron Microscope †Energy diffusive X-ray fluorescence (SEEM- DEG)* Non-destructive analysis looking at core electrons Use the electron glisten of the microscope to eject core electrons Ejecting a core electron creates a vacancy. When a higher energy electron drops to fill vacancy, a characteristic X-ray is emittedCASE contract: Napoleon. outline of hair samples by Neutron Activation Analysis shows arsenic. Paint used for one of Napoleons wallpaper is Chisels Green which consists of strapper arsenate. SEEM-DEG shows presence of arsenic. When copper arsenate reacts with mold, arsenic gas is produced. CASE STUDY: Kennedy Assassination 22nd Novo 1 963 Analysis of bullets fragments by Neutron Activation Analysis (ANA) shows the content of Antimony and Silver. You are What You Eat! clappers consists of calcium phosphate in a protein matrix. Calcium is derived from the diet.. Other metals may overly be incorpo gaitd if they are present in diet.Relative abundance of trace elements in grind away can indicate geographical origin: Strontium, copper and lead. Chapter 3: Time Of Death Alger Morris: After end, muscles relax, body is stay and arises to cool down. The ordinate at which body temperature cools depends on size of body, location, clothing, weather. Different split of the body cools at different rates. E. G. thought cools faster than liver. General rule is -1 to 1. Degrees Fahrenheit(postnominal) However, note that the body may start to warm up by and by 2 days receivable to start of degeneracy Rigor Morris: Lactic acid in the muscles causes tension up to 36 hours laterwardswards death E. . Jaws (errs), arms (4-errs), legs(8-1 Oh RSI), whole body (10-rush) Liver Morris (Color of the body): Also known as Postmortem lividly: the black and sober disconsolation of the skin of a cadaver, resulting from an accumulation of degenera ted blood in subcutaneous vessels. Hypothesis: deplorable or stagnant circulation in a dependent part of the body or an organ. Settling of red blood cells due to gravity (post mortem lividly, hypothesis 0-ours) Disconsolation in lower parts. Parts on the ground not affected due to compression of capillaries (contact flattening) *Has the body been moved?If a body has been moved, he calculation of the body may not give the correct approximation of the era of death. *Take note that CO poisoning has similar symptoms as Liver Morris, CO poisoning results in cherry sound calculation due to the carbon monoxide-hemoglobin Byzantine Physiological Changes in the body after Death. The average core temperature of a body is 9. Degree Fahrenheit. Postmortem interval = 99. 6/1. 5 (general rule). Other indicators that can prefigure the time of death are: kit levels in ocular fluid (vitreous humor) which ontogenesis after death Stomach and intestine contents (time of last meal).A stomach em pties its contents in about 2 hours. determine at other objects such as watches or mobile phone records and CATV. depravity This is the process when your micro-organisms start to eat you after death. This produces gases and characteristic smells. The rate of putrefaction depends severely on local factors such as temperature and also drug use. Forensic Entomology (Using insects) Insects can arrive and lay orchis as early as minis after death. In order to estimate the time of death, the species, life cycle, local conditions of that particular insect must be known. Live maggots are collected from the corpse and rear until adulthood.After which, back calculate age and determine pieces. nasal Remains A forensic pathologist or anthropologist will use astrology, the study of bones, to find out as much as possible about the identicalness of a skeleton or assembling of bones. just abouttimes they rely on skeletal radiology, the study of bones by x rays or fluorescence (light-emissio n) to help make the identification. No fluorescence indicates that the skeletal remains is 1 00 old age old or more. FUN analysis As time passes, the organic components of bone (mostly fats and proteins) are lost primarily through bacterial action.Since these components contain nitrogen, there is a progressive loss of that element. At the alike time, percolating ground water deposits trace amounts of fluorine and other elements, such as uranium, into the bone. wad nitrogen content decreases with age (proteins breakdown). get up fluoride and uranium increases with age. Fresh bones should contain 4% of nitrogen and 0% fluoride and uranium. Therefore, FUN analysis is useful for comparing samples from the equal burial grounds/sites. Carbon-14 Dating The natural amount of ICC, a radioactive isotope organize in atmosphere by cosmic rays, is constant and living things have this similarity of ICC.Radioactive atoms decay at a predicable rate and only half of the atoms will eve decayed in arrears. Hence touchstone the amount of ICC allows estimation of time of death through back calculation. This method is not accurate for Components can be find as they get to the end. Movement is due to the flow of a liquid or gas (mobile phase). Thin Layer Chromatography (TTL) dark-skinned compounds are macroscopical to the eye while others can be made visible through chemical staining or UP light. TTL is a presumptive test, it is unable(p) to distinguish all the different compounds in the sample and only provides 2 answers: NO or MAYBE. accelerator pedal Chromatography (GO) GO can only be used if the unheard-of quantity sample passes TTL. GO depends on the rate of which the compound moves at different temperatures. GO is still not accurate enough.High process Liquid Chromatography (HAPLY) HAPLY is similar to GO, but uses a liquid mobile phase. The graph result of HAPLY has very perspicacious and narrow peaks which are highly distinguishable to determine the differen t compounds in an unknown sample accurately. HAPLY GO For two methods: Efficient, highly selective and widely relevant Only a small amount of sample is needed Non-destructive to the sample quickly adapted to quantitative analysis Has high resolution Advantages of HAPLY: Can suit non-volatile and thermally unstable samples Advantages of GO: naive and inexpensive equipment Rapid process How do we tell what compound is it?By comparison of chromatography of authentic samples By spectrographic analysis By spectrometry Infra-red Spectroscopy Based on molecular vibrations (stretching and bending of chemical bonds) stretchiness frequency depends on masses complicated and stiffness of the bond The graph of infra-red spectroscopy has 2 parts, before 1 ergocalciferol range consider and after 1500 wave number Before 1500-6000 wave number shows the characteristics Of the class of compounds, but not Of individual compound After 1500 †600 wave number shows Characteristic of individu al compound like a molecular fingerprint raft Spectrometry Measures the molecular weight of the sample. . ideal is introduced into a vacuum box 2. take in is bombarded with electrons, leaving only positively-charged ions 3. Ions are speed by high voltages (100 †1 0,VIVO), ions is deflected into magnetic field to detectors, measuring the mass of the molecule. * receipt how to calculate molecular weight Some molecules will break up in the spectrometer known as Fragmentation. Gas Chromatography †Mass Spectrometry (GO-MS) Another hyphenated tech unique.\r\n'