Business Development Policy of the Post-Socialist States of Central and

Business Development Policy of the Post-Socialist States of Central and Eastern europium DISSERTATION device1. Title of DissertationSmall & Medium Business Development Policy of the Post-Socialist States of Central and Eastern Europe in their passageway to an Open Market deliverance Lessons and Applications for Cuba.2. Aim of Dissertation & Motivation for ResearchThe objective of this dissertation is to study the small and medium business policies developed in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) as a result of their musical passage to an open market economy. The experience gained from the extraordinary process of conversion, still under way in CEE and in the agent Soviet Union (FSU), is rich with lessons that could guide policy making and action in a Cuba of the future. This dissertation attempts to distill some of these lessons and to explore those, which would facilitate the egress of small and medium size enterprises, the so-called SMEs, when transition finally unfolds in the island.Many years after the initiation of transition in the former miss economies of CEE and the FSU, one thing is certain the process of transformation is far more complex and it takes far more time and resources than envisioned in 1989. The reason is that transition involves changing institutions, practices, and behaviors that have taken root in society during decades of centralized control and political repression. Another certainty is that it is possible to transform economic and political systems radically and end up with market economies and political democracies. Many years after the Berlin Wall fell most production in countries in transition originates in the private sector and is transacted under free market conditions. In addition, most of the people live under democratic rule, where the people can ballot governments out of office and have done so.The decision to change came about at different times in different countries in the region. In fact, Hungary, Poland, and Yug oslavia had already started some reforms by the late 1980s, before the destruction of the Wall. In 1990, COMECON, the Soviet dominated free trade area, was dissolved as members decided to start commerce in hard currency and at world market prices. The disappearance of the Soviet Union, where Gorbachev had started a re-structuring program under socialism, witnessed in 1992 the start of transiti... ...Achievements in Transition Economies, 1989-1999, London School of stintings, Centre for Economic Performance Discussion Paper No. 475. Lavigne, M. (1991). The economic science of Transition (New York St. Martins Press). Lipton, D., and Sachs, J. (1990). Creating a Market Economy in Eastern Europe The Case of Poland, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Vol. 1990, No. 1, pp. 75-133. Poirot, C. (1996). Macroeconomic Policy in a Transitional Environment Romania, 1989-1994, Journal of Economic Issues, Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 1057-75. Przeworski, A. (1991). Democracy and the Market Political and Economic Reforms in Eastern Europe and Latin America (Cambridge Cambridge University Press). Roland, G. (1994). The Role of Political Constraints in Transition Strategies, The Economics of Transition, Vol. 2, No.1, pp. 27-41. Sachs, J. (1992). The Economic Transformation of Eastern Europe The Case of Poland, The American Economist, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 3-11. Shleifer, A. (1997). Government in Transition, European Economic Review, Vol. 41, No. 3-5, pp. 385-410. UN Statistics Division Social Indicators, http//unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/social/default